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Eysenck等人(2007)的注意力控制理論，認為當與作業無關的威脅刺激出現時，焦慮和 ... 本研究欲結合注意力網絡作業(Attention Network Test, ANT)探討GAD患者的憂慮和 ... 資料載入處理中... 跳到主要內容 臺灣博碩士論文加值系統 ::: 網站導覽| 首頁| 關於本站| 聯絡我們| 國圖首頁| 常見問題| 操作說明 English |FB專頁 |Mobile 免費會員 登入| 註冊 功能切換導覽列 (188.166.176.73)您好！臺灣時間：2021/12/2205:47 字體大小：       ::: 詳目顯示 recordfocus 第1筆/ 共1筆  /1頁 論文基本資料 摘要 外文摘要 目次 參考文獻 電子全文 紙本論文 QRCode 本論文永久網址: 複製永久網址Twitter研究生:吳佳霖研究生(外文):WU,CHIA-LIN論文名稱:廣泛性焦慮疾患的注意力功能與注意偏誤歷程之關聯：以注意力網絡作業為焦點論文名稱(外文):TheCorrelationofAttentionFunctionandAttentionBiasinGeneralizedAnxietyDisorder：FocusonTheAttentionNetworkTask(ANT)指導教授:鄧閔鴻指導教授(外文):TENG,MIN-HUNG口試委員:何明洲、侯育銘口試委員(外文):HO,MING-CHOU、HOU,YU-MIN口試日期:2017-07-01學位類別:碩士校院名稱:國立中正大學系所名稱:心理學系臨床心理學研究所學門:社會及行為科學學門學類:心理學類論文種類:學術論文論文出版年:2017畢業學年度:105語文別:中文論文頁數:166中文關鍵詞:廣泛性焦慮疾患、憂慮、注意力控制、注意力偏誤、注意力網絡作業外文關鍵詞:GAD、worry、attentioncontrol、attentionbias、AttentionNetworkTest相關次數: 被引用:3點閱:453評分:下載:1書目收藏:2 廣泛性焦慮疾患(GeneralizedAnxietyDisorder,GAD)為一種嚴重、慢性且高共病率的焦慮疾患。

病態憂慮(pathologicalworry)為GAD最主要的臨床特徵(Lieb,Becker,&Altamura,2005;Starcevicetal.,2007)。

Hirsch和Mathews(2012)提出的憂慮認知模式，認為注意力控制(attentioncontrol)與病態憂慮的形成和發展有關，對憂慮者或GAD患者來說，憂慮可能會佔據他們的注意力控制資源，而他們也會因較弱的注意力控制能力，無法從外在或內在威脅訊息轉移注意(Hirsch&Mathews,2012b)。

Eysenck等人(2007)的注意力控制理論，認為當與作業無關的威脅刺激出現時，焦慮和憂慮可能增加由下到上的刺激驅動注意力系統高度活躍，並減少由上到下的注意力控制系統的作用效能，並使焦慮或憂慮個體對威脅刺激產生注意力偏誤(Cisler&Koster,2010;Corbetta&Shulman,2002;Eysenck,Derakshan,Santos,&Calvo,2007)。

但目前關於病態憂慮和注意力控制的實徵研究仍較少。

本研究欲結合注意力網絡作業(AttentionNetworkTest,ANT)探討GAD患者的憂慮和注意力控制損傷之間的關聯性，同時也想了解GAD患者的自主注意力控制與自動化注意力表現，所對應的特定注意力偏誤歷程。

本研究以20-55歲的成人GAD患者和健康個體為受試者，並配對兩組的年齡、性別和教育程度等人口變項，GAD患者由精神專科醫師根據DSM-V診斷準則篩選而來，並排除其他精神疾患診斷、腦傷或是神經性疾患；健康成人個體則經由網路廣告招募，有意願的參與者需未符合任何精神或神經性疾患診斷者，而且在台灣版賓州憂慮量表填答分數小於55分，才會被納入控制組。

本研究共篩選出GAD患者組31人以及健康成人對照組34人參與研究，正式研究中所有GAD患者組和健康成人對照組，皆需執行點偵測作業、史楚普情緒叫色作業，以及注意力網絡作業，也需填寫注意力控制和情緒症狀自陳量表。

本研究結果發現，在ANT作業中，相較健康成人控制組，GAD患者在執行控制注意力表現有明顯損傷，而且GAD患者組亦自我報告有較高的憂鬱、焦慮、憂慮程度及較低的注意力控制表現；另外，在面對威脅字詞刺激時，GAD患者的確會表現出快速投注注意力，也會受威脅字詞的情緒干擾效果，而延遲GAD患者對該字詞的叫色反應。

但本研究未驗證成功注意力控制和憂慮之間的關聯性，也沒有發現注意力控制及其他注意力功能與特定注意力偏誤之間的關係，另外，GAD患者亦沒有對威脅刺激展現抽離注意困難。

本研究雖然以注意力網絡作業，成功驗證GAD患者的自主注意力控制歷程損傷，也綜合GAD患者報告有明顯憂慮和焦慮症狀，以及展現對威脅刺激的投注注意力、無法抑制威脅刺激的干擾等注意力偏誤現象，間接說明憂慮和焦慮可能降低由上而下的注意力控制運作效能，然而本研究仍有若干限制，包含僅以統計相關探討注意力控制、憂慮注意力偏誤和注意力控制之間的關聯、非使用單一注意力作業探討注意力控制和注意力偏誤現象、僅用憂慮和焦慮自陳量表分數而非促發GAD患者實際憂慮狀態等。

未來研究除了能改善本研究的設計和分析限制之外，本研究結果也可部分支持包含注意力控制策略與技巧的心理治療方法，可能可以有效改善GAD患者的憂慮症狀。

Aim:GeneralizedAnxietyDisorder(GAD)isaanxietydisorder,whichisserious,chronicandhighcomorbidwithothermentaldisorder.PathologicalworrywasthecardinaldiagnosticfeatureofGAD(Liebetal.,2005;Starcevicetal.,2007).Incognitivemodelofpathologicalworry,HirschandMathews(2012)suggestedthatattentioncontrolwasrelatedtodevelopmentandmaintenanceofworry,pathologicalworrywouldoccupyhighworrierorGADpatient’sattentioncontrolresource.Duetotheweakerattentioncontrolabbitlity,highworrierorGADpatientcouldn’tshifttheirattentionfromexternalorinternalthreatrepresentation(Hirsch&Mathews,2012).Attentioncontroltheoryalsosuggestedthatworryandanxietycouldreducetheabilityofattentioncontrolandstrengthbottom-upstimulusattentionsystemtothreat.Finally,thatwouldinducetheattentionbiastothreatandmaintainpathologicalworry(Cisler&Koster,2010;Corbetta&Shulman,2002;Eysencketal.,2007).Buttherearestillafewreserchestoinvestigatethecorrelationbetweenpathologicalworryandattentioncontroldeficit.Theaimofthisresearchistoinvestigatethatcomparedtohealthyindividual,theabilityofattentioncontrolismoreinjuryinGADpatient.Also,inthisresearch,weattempttorecognizethatattentioncontrolandotherattentionsystemhaveasignificantdecifict,whichwouldinflunceGADpatienttoshowspecificattentionbiastothreatseparately.Finally,thisresearchwantstorecognizedthecorrelationofattentioncontroldeficitandpathologicalworry.Methods:Thisstudycomprised31GADadultpatientsand34healthyadults.GADpatientsarerecruitedfrompsychiatristandfulfilthediagnosisofdiagnosticcriteriaforGADwithDSM-V.Healthyadultswouldrecruitedfromadvertisementofinternet,andpeoplewhowithoutanymentaldisorderdiagnosis,braininjuryorneurologicaldisorderwouldbecomethecontrolgroupintheexperiment.Also,thePennStateWorryQuestionnairescoreofhealthyadultsneedtolessthan55.ThereisnosignificantlydifferencebetweenGADpatientandhealthycontrolgroupondemographicvariables,includingage,sexandeducationlevel.Alltheparticipantscompleteddot-probetask,emotionalStrooptask,attentionnetworktestandself-reportemotionsymptominventories.Results:TheGADpatientgrouphassignificantdeficitontheexecutiveattentioncontrolabilitythanhealthycontrolgroup.Also,theGADpatientgroupalsoreportahigherdegreeofdepressive,anxiety,worryandlowerattentioncontrolperformance.Andindeed,GADpatientgroupperformanceafacilitatedattentiontothreatandtheirattentionarecapturedbythreatinformation,whichthencauseasignificantemotionalinterferenceeffectanddelaytheirreactionontask.However,thereisnosignificantcorrelationbetweenworryandattentioncontroldeficit.Also,neitherattentioncontrolnorotherattentionsystemfunctionhavebeenassociatedwithanyspecificattentionbiastothreatwithallparticipants.Finally,eitherGADpatientsgrouporhealthycontrolgroupparticipantshasadifficultydisengagingattentiontothreat.Conclusion:ThisstudysucceedstoprovethatGADpatienthasaseriousdeficitofattentioncontrolbyusingattentionnetworktes.Andalso,thestudyresultsupportGADpatientwouldshowafacilitatedattentionandemotioninterferencetothreat.Butinourstudystillfailtofindnotonlythecorrelationbetweenworryandattentioncontroldeceit,butalsothatattentioncontroldeficitwouldcauseaspecificattentionbias,suchasdifficultydisengagingattentiontothreat.Therearenumbersoflimitationinthisresearch,includingusingdifferentattentioncognitivetesttoinvestigatetheattentioncontrolandattentionbiasseparately,butonlyusethestatisticalanalysistoconfirmtheircorrelation.Also,inthisstudydidn’tinduceparticipants’worrystate.Futurestudyshouldimprovethoseresearchlimatiationsinourstudy.Beside,ourresultalsocouldpartlysupportthatcognitivebehaviortherapyorotherpsychotherapyincludeattentioncontroltrainingskillmaybehelpfulforimprovingGADpatients’worry. 第一章、緒論1第一節、廣泛性焦慮疾患的定義與病理臨床特徵1第二節、廣泛性焦慮疾患的注意力偏誤特徵和機制7第三節、注意力控制與注意力系統15第四節、焦慮個體的注意力控制缺陷及注意力偏誤21第五節、以注意力網絡作業探討焦慮個體的不同注意力系統功能41第六節、研究假設與目的53第二章、研究方法57第一節、研究參與者57第二節、研究工具61自陳式量表61情緒刺激素材與電腦化認知作業65第三節、實驗設計與流程75第四節、資料分析77第三章、研究結果79第一節、自陳式量表得分的描述統計79第二節、人口學變項與自陳式量表的描述統計和差異檢定81第三節、自陳式量表間相關分析87第四節、注意力網絡作業分析89第五節、點偵測作業分析95第六節、史楚普情緒叫色作業分析101第七節、注意力網絡作業、點偵測作業及史楚普情緒叫色作業的相關分析………….105第四章、討論107參考文獻125附錄151附錄一、點偵測作業字詞列表151附錄二、史楚普情緒叫色作業字詞列表152 林宜親、李冠慧、宋玟欣、柯華葳、曾志朗、洪蘭、阮啟弘，（2011）。

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私立東吳大學心理學系碩士班論文，未出版，台北。

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