J:NU Mouse Strain - Maze Engineers - Conduct Science

J:NU mice are described as “nude” because they have no fur, and so appear pink and wrinkled. They are athymic i.e. they do not possess a thymus. Skiptomaincontent CloseSearch MouseStrains J:NUMouseStrain ByMazeEngineersOctober15,2019NoComments Overview J:NU,alsoknownasoutbredathymicnude,isanoutbredstrainofnudemousethatisseverelyimmunodeficiencyandusedinimmunologyresearch.[1] History LiketherelatedinbredstrainNU/J,J:NUmicearedescendedfromtheoriginalbatchofnudemiceidentifiedbyDrNormanGristintheearly1960s.GristwasworkingatRuchillhospitalinGlasgowandobservedthatsomeofhismicehadspontaneouslyacquiredamutationthatledtolossofthymus,immunedeficiencyandhairlessness. TheJacksonLaboratoryimportedastockofoutbrednudemicein1975.J:NUwasdevelopedfromcryopreservedNIHstockswhichwerethencrossedwithathymicnudesviainvitrofertilizationtoensurehighgeneticvariability.Sincethen,themicehavebeenmaintainedbyscrupulousoutbreedingandavoidanceofsiblingpairs.[1][2] PhysicalCharacteristics J:NUmicearedescribedas“nude”becausetheyhavenofur,andsoappearpinkandwrinkled.Theyareathymici.e.theydonotpossessathymus.Theyarealsosmallerthannormalnon-nudemiceandtheirwhiskersareeitherabsentor“crinkled”.[1][2] BehavioralCharacteristics&Handling Sincethesemiceareseverelyimmunedeficient,itisnecessaryatalltimestokeepandhandlethemunderassterileconditionsaspossible.Researchersshouldonlyhandlethesemicewhenabsolutelynecessary,tominimizetheriskofunwantedinfection.Theuseofglovesandfacemasksisrecommended. StudieslookingatJ:NUmousebehaviorinmazesandotherapparatusescouldnotbefound.SinceJ:NUarehighlygeneticallyheterogeneous,itispossiblethattheirbehavioralpredispositionswillalsovarywidelyandbeunpredictable. HealthCharacteristics ThesemicearehomozygousforthemutantallelenuofthegeneFoxn1.Foxn1encodesaproteincalledforkheadboxprotein1,atranscriptionfactorexpressedinthethymusandassociatedwithkeratinproduction.ThenumutationisapointmutationthatintroducesastopcodonandtruncatesthetranscriptionfactorbeforeitsDNAbindingdomain,renderingitnon-functional.[1] Withoutsufficientlevelsofforkheadboxprotein1,J:NUisleftseverelyimmunodeficient.TcellprecursorsareunabletodevelopintomatureTcells,meaningfunctionalTcellsareabsentfromJ:NU’sbloodplasma,andthemicearesusceptibletoviralinfection.Bcells,macrophages,naturalkillercells,APCsandthecomplementsystemarepresent.[3] MajorExperimentalUses J:NUmice,likeNU/J,areprimarilyofinterestforimmunologicalresearch,especiallyresearchintoathymism,Tcelldeficiencyandgeneralimmunedeficiency.Theirimmunesystemisstilltoofunctionalhowevertomakethemagoodmodelforseverecombinedimmunodeficiency(SCID). Theirlackofaproperimmuneresponsemeanstheyarealsoveryreceptivetoxenotransplantation,andsocanbeusedbyoncologistsashostsfortumorcellstoallowthetestingofanti-cancerdrugs.Theyarenotsuitablehoweverforthestudyofleukemiaorlymphoma,sincethesecancerswillberesistedbytheirrobustNKcellresponse.[1] ComparedtoNU/JandB6-nude,J:NUmicearemuchmoregeneticallyheterogeneousandsotheirtumorgrowthwillbevariable.Nonetheless,theirgeneticdiversitymakesthemstrongerthaninbredalternativeswhichmayaidinthetestingofmoreseverecancers.[4] References 007850–J:NU.2019.007850–J:NU.[ONLINE]Availableat:https://www.jax.org/strain/007850.[Accessed23September2019]. 002019–NU/J.2019.002019–NU/J.[ONLINE]Availableat:https://www.jax.org/strain/002019.[Accessed23September2019]. SauliusŽuklys,AdamHandel,SauleZhanybekova,FatimaGovani,MarcelKeller,StefanoMaio,CarlosEMayer,HongYingTeh,KatrinHafen,GiuseppeGallone,ThomasBarthlott,ChrisPPonting&GeorgAHollände.2016.Foxn1regulateskeytargetgenesessentialforTcelldevelopmentinpostnatalthymicepithelialcells.NatureImmunology.17.1206-1215. TheJacksonLaboratory.2019.ImmunodeficientMiceforCancerStudies:WhichhoststrainshouldIuse?.[ONLINE]Availableat:https://www.jax.org/news-and-insights/jax-blog/2013/july/which-host-strain-should-i-use.[Accessed23September2019]. 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