Nude mouse - Wikipedia

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The nomenclature for the nude mouse has changed several times since their discovery. Originally they were described as nu and this was updated to Hfh11nu when ... Nudemouse FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Labmousestrainlackingimmunityandfur Anudemouse Anudemouseisalaboratorymousefromastrainwithageneticmutationthatcausesadeterioratedorabsentthymus,resultinginaninhibitedimmunesystemduetoagreatlyreducednumberofTcells.Thephenotype(mainoutwardappearance)ofthemouseisalackofbodyhair,whichgivesitthe"nude"nickname.Thenudemouseisvaluabletoresearchbecauseitcanreceivemanydifferenttypesoftissueandtumorgrafts,asitmountsnorejectionresponse.Thesexenograftsarecommonlyusedinresearchtotestnewmethodsofimagingandtreatingtumors.ThegeneticbasisofthenudemousemutationisadisruptionoftheFOXN1gene.[1][2] Contents 1Nomenclature 2Historyandsignificance 3Genetics 4Lifespan 5Seealso 6References 7Externallinks Nomenclature[edit] Thenomenclatureforthenudemousehaschangedseveraltimessincetheirdiscovery.OriginallytheyweredescribedasnuandthiswasupdatedtoHfh11nuwhenthemutatedgenewasidentifiedasamutationintheHNF-3/forkheadhomolog11gene.Thenin2000thegeneresponsibleforthemutationwasidentifiedasamemberoftheFoxgenefamilyandthenomenclaturewasupdatedtoFoxn1nu. Historyandsignificance[edit] Nudemicewerefirstdiscoveredin1962byDr.NormanR.GristatRuchillHospital'sBrownleevirologylaboratoryinGlasgow.[3][4]Becausetheylackathymus,nudemicecannotgeneratematureTlymphocytes.Thereforetheyareunabletomountmanytypesofadaptiveimmuneresponses,including: antibodyformationthatrequiresCD4+helperTcells cell-mediatedimmuneresponses,whichrequireCD4+and/orCD8+Tcells delayed-typehypersensitivityresponses(requireCD4+Tcells) killingofvirus-infectedormalignantcells(requiresCD8+cytotoxicTcells) graftrejection(requiresbothCD4+andCD8+Tcells) Becauseoftheabovefeatures,nudemicehaveservedinthelaboratorytogaininsightsintotheimmunesystem,leukemia,solidtumors,AIDSandotherformsofimmunedeficiencyaswellasleprosy. Moreover,theabsenceoffunctioningTcellspreventsnudemicefromrejectingnotonlyallografts,buttheycannotevenrejectxenografts;thatis,graftsoftissuefromanotherspecies. Moststrainsofnudemiceareslightly"leaky"anddohaveafewTcells,especiallyastheyage.Forthisreason,nudemicearelesspopularinresearchtoday,sinceknockoutmicewithmorecompletedefectsintheimmunesystemhavebeenconstructed(e.g.RAG1andRAG2knockoutmice). Genetics[edit] NudemicehaveaspontaneousdeletionintheFOXN1gene.(HumanswithmutationsinFOXN1alsoareathymicandimmunedeficient.[5])MicewithatargeteddeletionintheFOXN1("knockout"mice)alsoshowthe"nude"phenotype.Sincenudefemaleshaveunderdevelopedmammaryglandsandareunabletoeffectivelynursetheiryoung,nudemalesarebredwithheterozygousfemales. Lifespan[edit] Thelifespanofnudemiceisnormally6monthstoayear.Incontrolled,germfreeenvironmentsandwithantibiotictreatmentsfoundinmanylaboratoriesthatroutinelyusenudemice,theycanlivealmostaslongasnormalmice(18monthstotwoyears). Seealso[edit] Skinnypig Earmouse References[edit] TheNudeMouseinExperimentalandClinicalResearch(Vol.1).Fogh,J;Giovanella,B.C.(eds)AcademicPress,1978,ISBN 0-12-261860-2 TheNudeMouseinExperimentalandClinicalResearch(Vol.2).Fogh,J;Giovanella,B.C.(eds)AcademicPress,1982,ISBN 0-12-261862-9 ^"NewGenenameforNudeMice".JAXBulletin(6).May25,2000.ArchivedfromtheoriginalonFebruary3,2009. ^OnlineMendelianInheritanceinMan(OMIM):FORKHEADBOXN1;FOXN1-600838 ^"Home|ari.info". ^"Archivedcopy"(PDF).Archivedfromtheoriginal(PDF)on2011-10-01.Retrieved2013-06-08.{{citeweb}}:CS1maint:archivedcopyastitle(link) ^Reference,GeneticsHome."FOXN1gene".GeneticsHomeReference.Retrieved2018-10-09. Externallinks[edit] Anudemousecanaccepttissuegraftsfromavarietyofspecies Authoritycontrol:Nationallibraries Japan Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nude_mouse&oldid=1056411737" Categories:ImmunologymiceHiddencategories:CS1maint:archivedcopyastitleArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionisdifferentfromWikidataArticleswithNDLidentifiers Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Inotherprojects WikimediaCommons Languages DeutschEspañolفارسیFrançais한국어Italianoעברית日本語РусскийSicilianuTiếngViệt中文 Editlinks

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