利用外來植物阿勃勒對入侵動物黃頸蜷蚓進行生物防治

本研究致力於發掘外來植物阿勃勒（Cassia fistula）作為防治入侵動物黃頸蜷蚓（Pontoscolex corethrurus）的生物防治方法（biological control）。

黃頸蜷蚓原產於中南 ... 資料載入處理中... 跳到主要內容 臺灣博碩士論文加值系統 ::: 網站導覽| 首頁| 關於本站| 聯絡我們| 國圖首頁| 常見問題| 操作說明 English |FB專頁 |Mobile 免費會員 登入| 註冊 功能切換導覽列 (188.166.176.73)您好！臺灣時間：2022/05/0919:42 字體大小：       ::: 詳目顯示 recordfocus 第1筆/ 共1筆  /1頁 論文基本資料 摘要 外文摘要 目次 參考文獻 紙本論文 論文連結 QRCode 本論文永久網址: 複製永久網址Twitter研究生:黃文彥研究生(外文):Wen-YanHuang論文名稱:利用外來植物阿勃勒對入侵動物黃頸蜷蚓進行生物防治論文名稱(外文):UsingtheExoticPlantCassiafistulatoBiologicallyControltheInvasiveAnimalPontoscolexcorethrurus指導教授:陳俊宏指導教授(外文):Jiun-HongChen口試委員:何傳愷、張智涵口試委員(外文):Chuan-KaiHo、Chih-HanChang學位類別:碩士校院名稱:國立臺灣大學系所名稱:生命科學系學門:生命科學學門學類:生物學類論文種類:學術論文論文出版年:2019畢業學年度:108語文別:中文論文頁數:72中文關鍵詞:阿勃勒、黃頸蜷蚓、外來種、入侵種、生物防治、驅逐、生物鹼、番瀉苷外文關鍵詞:Cassiafistula、Pontoscolexcorethrurus、exoticspecies、invasivespecies、biologicalcontrol、repel、alkaloid、sennosideDOI:10.6342/NTU201904113相關次數: 被引用:0點閱:86評分:下載:0書目收藏:0 　　本研究致力於發掘外來植物阿勃勒（Cassiafistula）作為防治入侵動物黃頸蜷蚓（Pontoscolexcorethrurus）的生物防治方法（biologicalcontrol）。

黃頸蜷蚓原產於中南美洲，近年來在世界各地及臺灣迅速擴散，已成為一嚴重入侵種，並壓縮本土蚯蚓的生存空間。

此外，黃頸蜷蚓也會改變土質，嚴重影響植物生長，但目前尚未有專一性的防治方式。

然而，本實驗室過去的調查意外發現，在阿勃勒的周遭，黃頸蜷蚓的族群密度遠較其他植物周遭低，推測是由阿勃勒植株內所含的生物鹼（alkaloids）等成分造成此一現象。

有鑑於此，阿勃勒便成為此次生物防治的主角。

本研究在野外調查中發現幾乎沒有黃頸蜷蚓棲息在阿勃勒周遭。

我們隨後以阿勃勒的乾燥葉子粉末以及阿勃勒主要成份之一的番瀉苷（sennoside）進行研究，發現這些物質皆會對黃頸蜷蚓造成驅逐作用，並出現類似腹瀉（diarrhea）之特殊毒理現象，然而它們對本土蚯蚓卻較無顯著之負面影響。

由於阿斯匹靈（aspirin）是番瀉苷腹瀉效應的抑制劑之一，我們亦取阿斯匹靈進行測試，發現它確實能夠延長這些黃頸蜷蚓的壽命，此結果進一步證實番瀉苷所造成之腹瀉症狀，確實是黃頸蜷蚓的關鍵死因。

最後，我們進行了阿勃勒對蚯蚓的野外驅逐測試，結果顯示阿勃勒乾葉粉末可以於短期內有效降低黃頸蜷蚓的族群量。

由於阿勃勒的葉子在臺灣取得容易，且本實驗結果表現出高度的種間差異，顯示阿勃勒作為生物防治對非目標生物的影響不大，因此是極為理想的生物防治媒介（biologicalcontrolagent）。

我們期盼未來能將本研究結果應用於防治黃頸蜷蚓的入侵，並開創利用外來植物防治入侵動物的新概念。

ThisresearchinvestigatesapplyingCassiafistulatoexpellingPontoscolexcorethrurus.P.corethrurusisaninvasivespeciesthathascausednegativeinfluenceonnativebiodiversityandsoilstructureinmanyareasaroundtheworld(Barros,Curmi,Hallaire,Chauvel,&Lavelle,2001;Chapuis-Lardyetal.,2010;Hendrixetal.,2008).However,therehavebeenonlyscantstudiesexploringthecontrolofearthworms,andmoststrategiesaremainlybasedonchemicalpesticidesandlandmanagementpractices.Tobridgethisresearchgap,thepresentstudyexploresP.corethrurus-targetedbiologicalcontrolusingC.fistula.PreviousresearchhasindicatedthatP.corethrurustendtokeepawayfromC.fistulabynature(Chen,2015).BasedonthisinstinctofP.corethrurus,wecarriedoutasecessionofexperiments,includingburrowingtests,taxistests,survivalratetests,histologicalanalysis,aspirinrescue-effecttest,andfieldexpulsiontest,toidentifytheingredientsofC.fistulaandobservethebehaviorofP.corethruruswhentreatedwithsubstancesextractedfromtheplant.Theresultsdemonstratethatalkaloids,especiallysennoside,inC.fistulaproducedamarkedeffectonrepellingP.corethrurus.Specifically,whenC.fistulaleafpowderwasappliedtoP.corethrurus,thisearthwormdisplayedanegativechemotacticresponsetotheplant,anditturnedoutthatthedensityoftheearthwormreducedsignificantlywithintwoweeks.However,populationsofnativeearthwormsremainedstableandunaffected.WesuggestthatthekeyreasonforthephenomenonmaybethatP.corethruruslacksthekeyentericbacteriarequiredforthemetabolismofsennosideinC.fistula,whichcausedalaxativeeffectonit.SincetheC.fistula-treatmenttestreflectsasignificantinterspeciesdifference,weproposethatitisidealtouseC.fistulaasabiologicalcontrolagentagainstP.corethrurus.Moreover,sinceC.fistulaiseasytocultivateandlimitedinself-propagation,relatedcontrolprogramscouldbeeco-friendlyandcost-effective.Thisstudycontributestosolutionofearthworminvasionandcontemporaryinvestigationofbiologicalcontrol. VARIFICATIONLETTERFROMTHEORALEXAMINATIONCOMMITTEE……iiiACKNOWLEDGEMENTSvCHINESEABSTRACTviiENGLISHABSTRACTviiiTABLEOFCONTENTSixFIGURESxiiTABLESxiiiINTRODUCTION1　Overview1　BackgroundInformation2　　ExoticSpecies2　　HabitandInvasionofPontoscolexcorethrurus3　　BiologicalControl6　　Cassiafistula8　　PropertiesofCassiafistula10　AimsoftheResearch11METHODOLOGY13　Introduction13　Materials14　　Reagents14　　Animals14　Methods15　　FieldInvestigation15　　P.corethrurus’behavioralandphysiologicalresponsetoC.fistula15　　FieldExpulsionTest21　StatisticalAnalyses21RESULTS24　Introduction24　FieldInvestigation24　TheInhibitoryEffectsofC.fistula25　　BurrowingTest26　　TaxisTest27　　SurvivalRateTests28　　HistologicalAnalysis29　TheInhibitoryEffectsofSennoside30　　BurrowingTest30　　SurvivalRateTests31　　HistologicalAnalysis32　　AspirinRescue-EffectTest32　FieldExpulsionTest33DISCUSSION35　Introduction35　ControlTarget:P.corethrurus’NegativeChemotacticResponsetoC.fistula…35　ControlAgent:TheToxicEffectCausedbyC.fistulaonP.corethrurus36　EvaluationsoftheEconomicBenefitsofC.fistula　BiologicalControlStrategy39CONCLUSION43REFERENCES46 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