Polymorphism in Python - Javatpoint

Polymorphism allows us to define methods in Python that are the same as methods in the parent classes. 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Exampleofin-builtpolymorphicfunctions: #Pythonprogramfordemonstratingthein-builtpoly-morphicfunctions #len()functionisusedforastring print(len("Javatpoint")) #len()functionisusedforalist print(len([110,210,130,321])) Output: 10 4 Examplesofuser-definedpolymorphicfunctions: #here,isasimplePythonfunction #fordemonstratingthePolymorphism defadd(p,q,r=0): returnp+q+r #Drivercode print(add(6,23)) print(add(22,31,544)) Output: 29 597 PolymorphismwithClassMethods BelowisanexampleofhowPythoncanusedifferenttypesofclassesinthesameway.Forloopsthatiteratethroughmultipleobjectsarecreated.Next,callthemethodswithoutcaringaboutwhatclasseachobjectbelongsto.Thesemethodsareassumedtoexistineveryclass. Example: classxyz(): defwebsites(self): print("Javatpointisawebsiteoutofmanyavailabeonnet.") deftopic(self): print("PythonisoutofmanytopicsabouttechnologyonJavatpoint.") deftype(self): print("Javatpointisandevelopedwebsite.") classPQR(): defwebsites(self): print("Pinkvillaisawebsiteoutofmanyavailabeonnet..") deftopic(self): print("Celebritiesisoutofmanytopics.") deftype(self): print("pinkvillaisadevelopingwebsite.") obj_jtp=xyz() obj_pvl=PQR() fordomainin(obj_jtp,obj_pvl): domain.websites() domain.topic() domain.type() Output: Javatpointisawebsiteoutofmanyavailabeonnet. PythonisoutofmanytopicsabouttechnologyonJavatpoint. Javatpointisandevelopedwebsite. Pinkvillaisawebsiteoutofmanyavailabeonnet. Celebritiesisoutofmanytopics. pinkvillaisadevelopingwebsite. PolymorphismwithInheritance: PolymorphismallowsustodefinemethodsinPythonthatarethesameasmethodsintheparentclasses.Ininheritance,themethodsoftheparentclassarepassedtothechildclass.Itispossibletochangeamethodthatachildclasshasinheritedfromitsparentclass.Thisisespeciallyusefulwhenthemethodthatwasinheritedfromtheparentdoesn'tfitthechild'sclass.Were-implementsuchmethodsinthechildclasses.ThisisMethodOverriding. Example: classBirds: defintro1(self): print("Therearemultipletypesofbirdsintheworld.") defflight1(self): print("Manyofthesebirdscanflybutsomecannot.") classsparrow1(Birds): defflight1(self): print("Sparrowsarethebirdwhichcanfly.") classostrich1(Birds): defflight1(self): print("Ostrichesarethebirdswhichcannotfly.") obj_birds=Birds() obj_spr1=sparrow1() obj_ost1=ostrich1() obj_birds.intro1() obj_birds.flight1() obj_spr1.intro1() obj_spr1.flight1() obj_ost1.intro1() obj_ost1.flight1() Output: Therearemultipletypesofbirdsintheworld. Manyofthesebirdscanflybutsomecannot. Therearemultipletypesofbirdsintheworld. Sparrowsarethebirdwhichcanfly. Therearemultipletypesofbirdsintheworld. Ostrichesarethebirdswhichcannotfly. PolymorphismwithaFunctionandObjects Wecanalsocreatefunctionsthatcantakeanyobject.Thisallowsforpolymorphism.Let'stakethefollowingexample:let'smakeafunctioncalled"func()",whichwilltakeanobjectwewillcall"obj".Eventhoughweusethename"obj",anyobjectthatisinstantiatedwillbeabletocallintothisfunction.Let'snexttogivethefunctionsomethingitcandowiththe'objobjectpassedtoit.Let'scallthesethreemethodswebsites(),topic(),andtype().Eachofthemisdefinedintheclasses'xyz'and'PQR'.Ifwedon'talreadyhaveinstantiationsofthe'xyz"and'PQRclasses,letuscreatethem.Wecanthencalltheiractionsusingthesamefunctionfunc(). Example: deffunc(obj): obj.websites() obj.topic() obj.type() obj_jtp=xyz() obj_pvl=PQR() func(obj_jtp) func(obj_pvl) Output: Javatpointisawebsiteoutofmanyavailabeonnet. PythonisoutofmanytopicsabouttechnologyonJavatpoint. Javatpointisadevelopedwebsite. Pinkvillaisawebsiteoutofmanyavailabeonnet.. Celebritiesisoutofmanytopics. pinkvillaisadevelopingwebsite. Code:ImplementingPolymorphismwithaFunction classxyz(): defwebsites(self): print("Javatpointisawebsiteoutofmanyavailabeonnet.") deftopic(self): print("PythonisoutofmanytopicsabouttechnologyonJavatpoint.") deftype(self): print("Javatpointisandevelopedwebsite.") classPQR(): defwebsites(self): print("Pinkvillaisawebsiteoutofmanyavailabeonnet..") deftopic(self): print("Celebritiesisoutofmanytopics.") deftype(self): print("pinkvillaisandevelopingwebsite.") deffunc(obj): obj.websites() obj.topic() obj.type() obj_jtp=xyz() obj_pvl=PQR() func(obj_jtp) func(obj_pvl) Output: Javatpointisawebsiteoutofmanyavailabeonnet. PythonisoutofmanytopicsabouttechnologyonJavatpoint. Javatpointisadevelopedwebsite. Pinkvillaisawebsiteoutofmanyavailabeonnet.. Celebritiesisoutofmanytopics. pinkvillaisadevelopingwebsite. 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