Installing Cloud-init on Linux and AIX - Coursera

此課程. 視頻腳本. IBM PowerVC, an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) enabling software, provides a self-service cloud console for managing IBM Power Systems ... ListInstallingCloud-initonLinuxandAIXLoading...PrivateCloudManagementonIBMPowerSystemsIBMFilledStarFilledStarFilledStarFilledStarFilledStar4.9（39個評分） | 1.3K名學生已註冊課程3（共3門，LinuxandPrivateCloudAdministrationonIBMPowerSystems專項課程）免費註冊此課程視頻腳本IBMPowerVC,anInfrastructureasaService(IaaS)enablingsoftware,providesaself-servicecloudconsoleformanagingIBMPowerSystems.ItisbuiltonOpenStack.OpenStackisacollectionofopen-sourcesoftwareprojectsthatenterprisescanusetoruntheirownprivatecloudinfrastructure. Thiscourseexplainsmostcloudmanagementfeatures,startingwithsettingupaprivatecloudenvironmentfromthegroundup.Itthencoversplanning,sizingandotheradvancedadministrativetasksyoucanperformtobecomeanefficientsystemadministrator.查看授課大綱您將學習的技能IBMPowerVC,infrastructureasaservice,Openstack,CloudComputing,IBMCloud審閱FilledStarFilledStarFilledStarFilledStarFilledStar4.9（39個評分）5stars89.74%4stars7.69%3stars2.56%從本節課中ImagesandvirtualmachinesIntroductiontocloudimages8:23Cloud-initconcepts5:45InstallingCloud-initonLinuxandAIX11:43Creatinganimage9:29教學方BillMillerITManagementConsultantUpendraRajanITManagementConsultant以免費的價格試聽課程Inthislesson,I'llcovertheinstallationofcloud-initonbothLinuxandAIX.Nowbearwithmeasthisvideoisalittlelongerthanusual,butIwantedtokeeptheinstallationconceptsinthesamevideogiventhattherearecommontaskstoperform.Youmightaswellseeitallhereinoneplaceatonetime.Let'sgetcloud-initinstalledsowecancaptureanimage.Let'shavealookatwhat'snecessarytoinstallcloud-initonLinuxfirst.Thisgraphicillustratesthehigh-levelprocessforinstallingcloud-initontoavirtualmachinebeforecapturing.Installthedependencies,andthenthecloud-initcode,andthenyoumodifytheCloudconfigfile.I'vementionedthatearlierandI'mgoingtoprovidemoredetailsonthatinlatervideos,possiblyinthisvideo,Ithink.We'llsee.Thereareacriticalentriesthatmustbemadeforcloud-inittofunctionproperlysothattheCloudconfigfileupdateisreallyimportant.We'llalsodiscussoperatingsystemspecificsettingsthathavetobemadeinordertoallowforcloud-inittodowhatitdoes.Letmestartwiththedependencies.AsImentioned,cloud-inithassomesoftwaredependencies.DependingonthedistributionandtheversionofLinux,differentstepsmustbetaken.ForRHEL,IrecommendusingyumorsomeotherpackagemanagerlikeDNFmaybe.ForRHEL7,asofthisrecording,youaddtheepelyumrepositoryasshowninthegraphictogetthemostrecentlevelofthedependentRPMsandthenyouinstallthose.NowforSLEsandUbuntudependencies,youseeinthegraphic,SLEshasspecificlocationswhereyougetthedependencysimilartowhatIjustsaidwithrespecttotheepelrepositoryforyum.ThenforUbuntu,I'llbehonest,wayIhandlethislittledifferent.Iinstallthedistributionversionofcloud-initfirst.That'snottheoneIwanttouse,butwhatthatdoesisitinstallsalltheprerequisites.SoIcheatalittlebit,andthenIuninstallthatversionandIinstallthePowerVCversion.Thatmaynotworkallthetimebutthathasworkedformeinthepast.Nowspeakingofgettingtherightversionofcloud-init,IjustsaidIuninstallandreinstallthecustomversion.Well,it'simportanttounderstandthatyouneedthecustomizedversionofcloud-init.Butjustsayingwhy,wouldIneedsomethingspecial?Well,becauseIBMhasmadesomechangesthatallowthedeployedVMtofunctioncorrectlyinaPowerVMenvironment.Becausecloud-initwasoriginallywrittenforLinuxdeploysandforKVMordeploymentsnottoPowerVM.Hereyougo.Makesureyou'reloggedinthePowerVCserver,navigatetothedirectorythat'snotedinthegraphic,andthendowntothesubdirectoryforthedesiredoperatingsystemandyou'regoingtofindthedistributionspecificversionofcloud-init.RedHat'sdirectoryhaspackagesforRHEL6andRHEL7.ThosearetheversionsthatPowerVCcanbeinstalledonandSLEshasdifferentpackagesforbigandlittleendianbecauseofthedifferentversionsofSLEsandtheirendianness.SoyoucopythecorrectpackagetotheVMtobecaptured,manipulatedthereonthePowerVCserver,yougetitfromthere.SoSCPitover.Thenextstepisinstallingcloud-init.Youwoulduseanoperatingsystemspecificcommandtoinstallthepackage.Thisisjustinstallinganotherpackage.It'snotgoingtotakelongfortheinstallationtorun.Oncethecodeisinstalled,it'stimetoconfigureitandthere'sreallynotmuchtothateither.You'regoingtoupdateafewfieldsinthecloud.configfileandyou'rereadytogo.WhatyouseeinthegraphiciswhatyouwanttomodifyintheCloudconfigfileonaRHELoronUbuntusystem.Makenoteofthesemodifications.Therearekeytothesuccessfulfunctionofcloud-initinthedeployment.TheconfigDrivedatasource,I'vementionedthismultipletimes,it'sextremelyimportant.Youwanttosetthedisablerootdirectiveasshownunlessyouknowexactlywhatyou'redoing.Why?Well,ifyousetthattoone,youwon'tbeabletologintothedeployedVMasroot.Inotherwords,youbetterhaveanotheradministrativeuserdefinedinthatVMthatyou'recapturingsothatyoucanusethatinthedeployment.Thenfinally,youenableandstartthecloud-initrelatedservicesbyrunningthecommandsthatyouseeinthisgraphic.NowthisgraphicdescribestheadditionalsettingsthatmustbedoneonaRHELsystem.Insummary,SELinuxgetsettopermissiveordisabledifyoucangetawaywiththat,ensurethatthenetworkmanagerisinstalledandenabledandthatnet-toolisinstalled.Thenfinally,youturnoffnetworkmanagementcontroloftheinterfacesbyupdatingtheNM_CONTROLLEDvariabletonointheifcfg-eth*filesthatareintheetcsysconfigdirectory.Youseeitallonthescreenthere,butthat'stheprocess.Now,movingon,whatyouseeismodificationrecommendationsforcloudconfigonSLEs.Makenoteofthesemodifications.Theyarekeytotheproperfunctioningcloud-initinPowerVC.Again,configDrivedatasourceisextremelyimportant.Anotherkeystepinconfiguringcloud-initonLinuxonPowerVirtualMachineistoremovetheMACaddress,themediaaccesscontroladdress,fromcertainconfigurationfiles.Youmustremovethenetworkpersistencerulesintheimagebecausetheycausethenetworkinterfaceintheinstancetocomeupasaninterfaceotherthaneth0.ThisisbecauseyourimagehasarecordoftheMACaddressofthenetworkinterfacecardwhenitwasfirstinstalledandthisMACaddressisdifferenteachtimetheinstanceboots.Notethatifyoudeletethenetworkpersistentrulesfiles,youmightgetakernelwarning,youdevkernelwarningatboottime.Therefore,youshouldclearthecontentsorreplacedthemwithemptyfiles.Now,formoredetailsabouthowtoremovetheMACaddressinformation,youcangotothenohard-codedMACaddressinformationsectionintheOpenStackVirtualMachineImageGuideatdocs.openstack.org.Now,Cloud-inithandlestheIPaddressassignment.ButwhataboutthehostnamedRMSEandthebootlist?Thisisreallyanimportantpointhere.Cloud-inithandlestheIPaddressassignment.ThisisthewaythatthisnewlydeployedVMtakesonanetworkidentitythat'sdifferentthantheidentitythatwasinthecapturedVM.That'sreallyimportantbecauseyoudon'twantduplicateIPaddresses.Thenthere'stheissueofhostname.There'stheissueofensuringthatRMCisreadytogoandalsothebootlistissetupright.Let'sstartwiththehostname.Itcanbemanagedafterdeploymentifyouwant,manuallyorbyusingsomeothermechanismlikesay,Ansible.ButCloud-inithasoptionsactually.IthastheoptiontosetthehostnametotheVMnamegiveninPowerVC,ortotheresolutionoftheIPaddress,theprimaryIPaddressisassigned.Now,theDNSresolutionsettingisagoodoption,andI'veuseditalotoftimes,butyouwanttokeeponethinginmind.ThismostlikelywillresultinthehostnameandtheVMnamebeingdifferentandthatmightnotbewhatyouwant.TheRMCsetting,RMCiscriticaltothepropermanagementofaVMinPowerVM.We'vebeenoverthatanumberoftimesinanumberofdifferentvideos.It'shighlyrecommended.BackI'dsayit'snearlymandatorythatyouenableresetRMC.Finally,updatingbootlistisagoodideasothatthetemporaryVirtualopticaldevicethatCloud-initconfigdriveprocessingisbasedonisremovedfromthebootlist.We'llcloseupherewiththis.TheCloud-initlogscontainmanygooddebuglogentriesfromtheCloud-initprocessing,andtheyalsocontainsomePythonstacksifCloud-initfails.NowtheCloud-initfileloglocationsaredifferentdependinguponthedistributionbeingused.ForrelevantUbuntu,itmightbenecessarytoedittheloggingconfigurationfoundnotedinthegraphicandchangethelevelfromwarningtodebugtogetlogentrieswrittentovar/log/messages.LikeIsaidearlier,I'mgoingtokeepgoing.Socatchyourbreath,it'stimetoswitchgearsnowanddiscussCloud-initinstallationandconfigurationonAIX.First,it'skeytosayCloud-initisfullysupportedonAIX,andunderstanditsgenesiswasonLinux.Thatmakessense.It'sbeenportedandfullysupportedonAIX.WiththeAIX7No.1,TLS3P5,andAX6TL9SP5,soolderversions.There'sanewdeviceattributeorthere'sadeviceattributeonSYS0calledCloudDev.Nowifyou'reanAIXguy,youunderstandthisstuff.Ifyou'renot,youmightrollwithmeandmaybereferencebacktothislaterifyougetintoquestionsaboutCloudDevandgostep,theroleofCloudDevistoreplacetheGhostDevattribute,whichwasusedinthepasttoresetODMcustomizationswhenaVirtualMachinewasbootedonanotherhostorwithadifferentLPRID.Inotherwords,youwe'recloning.WhenanewversionofAIXthatsupportsCloudDev,whichismostlikelygoingtobewhatyou'reworkingon.Whenyou'reusingoneofthose,therecommendationthat'ssetCloudDevtooneandGhostDevtozero.TheCloudDevattributeisautomaticallyresettozerobyCloud-inittoensurethattheODMisnotresetonsubsequentboots.Sokeepallofthatinmind.Maybereferencebacktothatlater.TheCloud-initinstallationonAIX,now,it'salittlebitmorecomplexthanwhatwesawonLinux.Itrequiresthegatheringandinstallationofprerequisites.Inthisgraphic,youseethattoenablePythonandAIX,remember,wesaidCloud-initiswritteninPython.Youneedtoinstalltheseprerequisites.Makenoteofthislist,pausethescreen,makenotesomeway,doascreencaptureorwhatever,andthenaccessthosepackagesplacingtheminadirectorythat'saccessibletotheVMtobecaptured.ThenyouinstallthePythonpackagesyouseeinthegraphic.Ifyouhavetoinstallthosepythonprerequisitesaheadoftimeordrawfromthem.Nowthere'sreallynogoodwaytopresentthisotherthantojustshowyouthepackages.Havealook.Thosearethethingsyouneed.Now,thisgraphtoillustratethehighlevelprocessforinstallingCloud-initontoanAIXVirtualMachinebeforecapturing.NoticethatyouwillhavetogetaninstallYUM.Youdon'thaveto,butthat'sthewaytodothis.GettinginstallYUMonAIXifyoudon'talreadyhaveitthere.YoucaninstallYUMfromtheAIXtoolbox.Thismakestheinstallationreallystraightforward.SimplyrunYUMinstallCloud-init.It'sverymuchlikeLinux.ThenextstepistoconfiguretheCloudconfigfile.ThisgraphicshowsthemodificationsonanAIXoperatingsystem.Nowthesearevery,verysimilartowhatwecoveredintheLinuxsection.BacktothesethostnamefromDNSmodulethatallowsyoutogetyourVirtualMachineshostnamebyusingthehosthostnamevaluethatyou'veconfiguredinyourDNSserver.Ifit'snotused,thehostnamethendefaultstothenamespecifiedinPowerVC.LikeImentionedwithLinux,resetRMC,it'sautomaticallysetsothatRMCisgoingtobehandledright.ThatwrapsupthelessononinstallingCloudconfig,andthatwasalottotakein.Soyoumightwanttotakeaquickbreakhere,andthenwe'llcontinueonwiththelessononcapturinganimagefromaVM.探索我們的目錄免費加入並獲得個性化推薦、更新和優惠。

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