The S4 Gallop | SpringerLink

The S4 heart sound is a presystolic heart sound occurring immediately before S1 associated with reduced ventricular compliance. Skiptomaincontent Advertisement SearchSpringerLink Search AbstractTheS4heartsoundisapresystolicheartsoundoccurringimmediatelybeforeS1associatedwithreducedventricularcompliance.Itisbestheardwiththebellofthestethoscopeattheapexoftheheartwiththepatientintheleftlateraldecubitusposition.ThecharacteristicsoundofanS4iscreatedbythemovementofbloodduringdiastolefromtheatriaflowingagainstastiffventricularwallcausedbyhypertension,pulmonaryhypertension,ventricularoutflowobstruction,orischemicheartdisease.AnS4canalsobeheardinathleteswithphysiologichypertrophyoftheventricles.InpatientswithapathologicS4,alongerintervalbetweenS4andS1representsapoorerprognosis.DetectionofanS4inapatientwithriskfactorsforpathologicreducedventricularcomplianceshouldtriggerfurthercardiacworkupandtreatmentofunderlyingpathologytodecreaseprogression.KeywordsS4S4gallopFourthheartsoundReducedventricularcomplianceVentricularhypertrophyHypertensionPulmonaryhypertension Thisisapreviewofsubscriptioncontent,accessviayourinstitution. Buyingoptions Chapter EUR 29.95 PriceincludesVAT(Singapore) DOI:10.1007/978-1-4471-6738-9_19 Chapterlength:6pages InstantPDFdownload Readableonalldevices Ownitforever Exclusiveofferforindividualsonly Taxcalculationwillbefinalisedduringcheckout BuyChapter eBook EUR 32.09 PriceincludesVAT(Singapore) ISBN:978-1-4471-6738-9 InstantPDFdownload Readableonalldevices Ownitforever Exclusiveofferforindividualsonly Taxcalculationwillbefinalisedduringcheckout BuyeBook SoftcoverBook EUR 39.99 PriceexcludesVAT(Singapore) ISBN:978-1-4471-6737-2 Dispatchedin3to5businessdays Exclusiveofferforindividualsonly FreeshippingworldwideShippingrestrictionsmayapply,checktoseeifyouareimpacted. Taxcalculationwillbefinalisedduringcheckout BuySoftcoverBook Learnaboutinstitutionalsubscriptions Fig.19.1Fig.19.2Fig.19.3Fig.19.4Fig.19.5 ReferencesVancheriF,GibsonD.Relationofthirdandfourthheartsoundstobloodvelocityduringleftventricularfilling.BrHeartJ.1989;61(2):144–8.PubMedCentral  CAS  CrossRef  PubMed  GoogleScholar  ErikssenJ,RasmussenK.Prevalenceandsignificanceofthefourthheartsound(S4)inpresumablyhealthymiddle-agedmen,withparticularrelationtolatentcoronaryheartdisease.EurJCardiol.1979;9(1):63–75.CAS  PubMed  GoogleScholar  MarkusGM,GerberIL,MeKeownBH,VesseyJC,JordanMV,HuddlestonM,McCullochCE,FosterE,ChatterjeeK,MichaelsAD.Associationbetweenphonocardiographicthirdandfourthheartsoundsandobjectivemeasuresofleftventricularfunction.JAMA.2005;293(18):2238–44.CrossRef  GoogleScholar  TabuchiH,KawaiN,SawayamaT.MechanismandclinicalusefulnessofS4-S1intervalinheartfailureassociatedwithleftventricularinflowpattern.JCardiol.1998;31(5):273–9.CAS  PubMed  GoogleScholar  DownloadreferencesAuthorinformationAuthorsandAffiliationsGeorgetownUniversitySchoolofMedicine,GeorgetownUniversityHospital,Washington,DC,USAKurtYaegerBS,MD, MarkNortonBS,MS,MD & SanjaiJalajBA,MS,MDAuthorsKurtYaegerBS,MDViewauthorpublicationsYoucanalsosearchforthisauthorin PubMed GoogleScholarMarkNortonBS,MS,MDViewauthorpublicationsYoucanalsosearchforthisauthorin PubMed GoogleScholarSanjaiJalajBA,MS,MDViewauthorpublicationsYoucanalsosearchforthisauthorin PubMed GoogleScholarCorrespondingauthorCorrespondenceto KurtYaegerBS,MD.EditorinformationEditorsandAffiliationsMedstarGeorgetownUniversityHospital,Washington,DistrictofColumbia,USAAllenJ.Taylor1ElectronicSupplementaryMaterialVideo19.1S4gallop.Phonocardiogramisnotideal,butaudioisexcellent(ProvidedbyRobinWinklerDoroshow,MD,MedstarGeorgetownUniversityHospital,Washington,DC)(MP4987kb)Video19.2Atrial(S4)gallop,asdescribedbyDr.W.ProctorHarvey(File085fromClinicalCardiologybyW.ProctorHarvey,MD,MACC,JulesBedynek,MD,andDavidCanfieldandpublishedbyLaennecPublishingInc.,Fairfield,NJ.UsedwithpermissionandcopyrightedbyLaennecPublishing,Inc.Allrightsreserved)(MP41322kb)RightsandpermissionsReprintsandPermissionsCopyrightinformation©2015Springer-VerlagLondonAboutthischapterCitethischapterYaeger,K.,Norton,M.,Jalaj,S.(2015).TheS4Gallop. In:Taylor,A.(eds)LearningCardiacAuscultation.Springer,London.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6738-9_19Downloadcitation.RIS.ENW.BIBDOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6738-9_19 PublisherName:Springer,London PrintISBN:978-1-4471-6737-2 OnlineISBN:978-1-4471-6738-9eBookPackages:MedicineMedicine(R0)SharethischapterAnyoneyousharethefollowinglinkwithwillbeabletoreadthiscontent:GetshareablelinkSorry,ashareablelinkisnotcurrentlyavailableforthisarticle.Copytoclipboard ProvidedbytheSpringerNatureSharedItcontent-sharinginitiative Accessviayourinstitution Buyingoptions Chapter EUR 29.95 PriceincludesVAT(Singapore) DOI:10.1007/978-1-4471-6738-9_19 Chapterlength:6pages InstantPDFdownload Readableonalldevices Ownitforever Exclusiveofferforindividualsonly Taxcalculationwillbefinalisedduringcheckout BuyChapter eBook EUR 32.09 PriceincludesVAT(Singapore) ISBN:978-1-4471-6738-9 InstantPDFdownload Readableonalldevices Ownitforever Exclusiveofferforindividualsonly Taxcalculationwillbefinalisedduringcheckout BuyeBook SoftcoverBook EUR 39.99 PriceexcludesVAT(Singapore) ISBN:978-1-4471-6737-2 Dispatchedin3to5businessdays Exclusiveofferforindividualsonly FreeshippingworldwideShippingrestrictionsmayapply,checktoseeifyouareimpacted. 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