Class method vs Static method in Python - GeeksforGeeks

What is Class Method in Python? · A class method is a method that is bound to the class and not the object of the class. · They have the access to ... 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ImproveArticle SaveArticle LikeArticle DifficultyLevel: MediumLastUpdated: 30Aug,2022ReadDiscussViewDiscussion ImproveArticle SaveArticle LikeArticle Inthisarticle,wewillcoverthebasicdifferencebetweentheclassmethodvsStaticmethodinPythonandwhentousetheclassmethodandstaticmethodinpython.WhatisClassMethodinPython? The@classmethoddecoratorisabuilt-infunctiondecoratorthatisanexpressionthatgetsevaluatedafteryourfunctionisdefined.Theresultofthatevaluationshadowsyourfunctiondefinition. Aclassmethodreceivestheclassasanimplicitfirstargument,justlikeaninstancemethodreceivestheinstance SyntaxPythonClassMethod: classC(object): @classmethod deffun(cls,arg1,arg2,...): .... fun:functionthatneedstobeconvertedintoaclassmethod returns:aclassmethodforfunction.Aclassmethodisamethodthatisboundtotheclassandnottheobjectoftheclass.Theyhavetheaccesstothestateoftheclassasittakesaclassparameterthatpointstotheclassandnottheobjectinstance.Itcanmodifyaclassstatethatwouldapplyacrossalltheinstancesoftheclass.Forexample,itcanmodifyaclassvariablethatwillbeapplicabletoalltheinstances.WhatistheStaticMethodinPython?Astaticmethoddoesnotreceiveanimplicitfirstargument.Astaticmethodisalsoamethodthatisboundtotheclassandnottheobjectoftheclass.Thismethodcan’taccessormodifytheclassstate.Itispresentinaclassbecauseitmakessenseforthemethodtobepresentinclass.SyntaxPythonStaticMethod: classC(object): @staticmethod deffun(arg1,arg2,...): ... returns:astaticmethodforfunctionfun.ClassmethodvsStaticMethodThedifferencebetweentheClassmethodandthestaticmethodis:Aclassmethodtakesclsasthefirstparameterwhileastaticmethodneedsnospecificparameters.Aclassmethodcanaccessormodifytheclassstatewhileastaticmethodcan’taccessormodifyit.Ingeneral,staticmethodsknownothingabouttheclassstate.Theyareutility-typemethodsthattakesomeparametersandworkuponthoseparameters.Ontheotherhandclassmethodsmusthaveclassasaparameter.Weuse@classmethoddecoratorinpythontocreateaclassmethodandweuse@staticmethoddecoratortocreateastaticmethodinpython.Whentousetheclassorstaticmethod?Wegenerallyusetheclassmethodtocreatefactorymethods.Factorymethodsreturnclassobjects(similartoaconstructor)fordifferentusecases.Wegenerallyusestaticmethodstocreateutilityfunctions.Howtodefineaclassmethodandastaticmethod?Todefineaclassmethodinpython,weuse@classmethoddecorator,andtodefineastaticmethodweuse@staticmethoddecorator. Letuslookatanexampletounderstandthedifferencebetweenbothofthem.LetussaywewanttocreateaclassPerson.Now,pythondoesn’tsupportmethodoverloadinglikeC++orJavasoweuseclassmethodstocreatefactorymethods.Inthebelowexampleweuseaclassmethodtocreateapersonobjectfrombirthyear.Asexplainedaboveweusestaticmethodstocreateutilityfunctions.Inthebelowexampleweuseastaticmethodtocheckifapersonisanadultornot. BelowisthecompleteImplementation Python3#Pythonprogramtodemonstrate#useofclassmethodandstaticmethod.fromdatetimeimportdate  classPerson:    def__init__(self,name,age):        self.name=name        self.age=age     #aclassmethodtocreateaPersonobjectbybirthyear.    @classmethod    deffromBirthYear(cls,name,year):        returncls(name,date.today().year-year)     #astaticmethodtocheckifaPersonisadultornot.    @staticmethod    defisAdult(age):        returnage>18  person1=Person('mayank',21)person2=Person.fromBirthYear('mayank',1996) print(person1.age)print(person2.age) #printtheresultprint(Person.isAdult(22))Output:21 25 TrueAuxiliarySpace:O(1)MyPersonalNotes arrow_drop_upSave LikePreviousClassorStaticVariablesinPythonNext PythonExceptionHandlingRecommendedArticlesPage:26,Jan2103,Apr1920,Nov1928,Apr2021,Jan1624,Mar2118,May1827,Dec1916,Dec2101,Jul2008,Mar2116,Jan1825,Oct1817,Mar1923,May1906,Jun1920,Nov1931,Mar2029,Apr2016,Jun2001,Jul2001,Jul2018,Aug2026,Apr21ArticleContributedBy:GeeksforGeeksVotefordifficultyCurrentdifficulty: MediumEasy Normal Medium Hard ExpertImprovedBy:ddeevviissaavviittaaankitsinghasp23surajkumarguptainternhimeshchauhan10rishavmahyry2ArticleTags:DifferenceBetweenPythonPracticeTags:pythonReportIssueWritingcodeincomment? 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