TOEIC - Wikipedia

TOEIC Listening & Reading TestEdit · orange (0–219) · brown (220–469) · green (470–729) · blue (730–859) · gold (860–990). TOEIC FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Internationalstandardizedtest ThisarticlemaybeinneedofreorganizationtocomplywithWikipedia'slayoutguidelines.Pleasehelpbyeditingthearticletomakeimprovementstotheoverallstructure.(October2020)(Learnhowandwhentoremovethistemplatemessage) TheTestofEnglishforInternationalCommunication(TOEIC)isaninternationalstandardizedtestofEnglishlanguageproficiencyfornon-nativespeakers.ItisintentionallydesignedtomeasuretheeverydayEnglishskillsofpeopleworkinginaninternationalenvironment. Therearedifferentformsoftheexam:TheTOEICListening&ReadingTestconsistsoftwoequallygradedtestsofcomprehensionassessmentactivitiestotalingapossible990score;TherearealsotheTOEICSpeakingandWritingTests.TheTOEICspeakingtestiscomposedoftasksthatassesspronunciation,intonationandstress,vocabulary,grammar,cohesion,relevanceofcontentandcompletenessofcontent.TheTOEICWritingtestiscomposedoftasksthatassessgrammar,relevanceofsentencestothepictures,qualityandvarietyofsentences,vocabulary,organization,andwhethertheopinionissupportedwithreasonand/orexamples.Bothassessmentsuseascorescaleof0–200.[1] Contents 1TOEICListening&ReadingTest 2TOEICSpeaking&WritingTest 3History 42006RedesignedTOEICtests 5Testaccommodations 6TOEICinJapan 6.1Scandal 7TOEICinSouthKorea 8TOEICinEurope 9TOEICintheUnitedKingdom 10TOEICintheUnitedStates 11TOEICinThailand 12TOEICBridgeTest 13TOEICBridgeinChile 14Seealso 15References 16Externallinks TOEICListening&ReadingTest[edit] TheTOEICListening&ReadingTestlaststwohours[45minutesforListening,and75minutesforReading].Itconsistsof200multiple-choiceitemsevenlydividedbetweenthelisteningandreadingcomprehensionsection.Eachquestionisworthfivescores.Soeachcandidatereceivesindependentscoresforlisteningandreadingcomprehensiononascalefrom0to495points.Thetotalscoreaddsuptoascalefrom0to990points.TheTOEICcertificateexistsinfivecolors,correspondingtoachievedresults:[2]   orange(0–219)   brown(220–469)   green(470–729)   blue(730–859)   gold(860–990) TOEICtestcertificatesareoptional,unofficialdocumentsthataremeantfordisplayonly. TOEICSpeaking&WritingTest[edit] TheTOEICSpeaking&WritingTestswereintroducedin2006.Testtakersreceiveseparatescoresforeachofthetwotests,ortheycantaketheSpeakingtestwithouttakingtheWritingtestandviceversa.TheSpeakingtestassessespronunciation,intonationandstress,vocabulary,grammar,cohesion,relevanceofcontentandcompletenessofcontent,whiletheWritingtestassessesgrammar,relevanceofsentencestothepictures,qualityandvarietyofsentences,vocabulary,organization,andwhethertheopinionissupportedwithreasonand/orexamples.ThetestsaredesignedtoreflectactualEnglishusageintheworkplace,thoughtheydonotrequireanyknowledgeofspecializedbusinessterms.TheTOEICSpeakingTesttakesapproximately20minutestocomplete;theTOEICwritingtestlastsapproximately60minutes.Eachtesthasascorerangebetween0–200,withtesttakersgroupedintoeightproficiencylevelsforSpeakingandnineproficiencylevelsforWriting.[3] History[edit] TheUS-basedEducationalTestingService(ETS)developedtheTOEICtesttomeasureachievementinusingEnglishinabusinesssetting.YasuoKitaokawasthecentralfigureoftheJapaneseteamthatconceivedthebasicideaoftheTOEICtest. ETS'smajorcompetitorsareCambridgeUniversity,whichadministerstheIELTS,FCE,CAE,andCPEandTrinityCollegeLondon,whichadministersGESEandISEexams. 2006RedesignedTOEICtests[edit] AnewversionoftheTOEICListening&Readingtestwasreleasedin2006.Thechangescanbesummarizedasfollows: Overall,passagesarelonger. Part1hasfewerquestionsinvolvingphotographdescriptions. TheListeningSectionhiresspeakersofEnglishfromBritain,Australia,NewZealandandNorthAmerica,andusesanequaldistributionofthedialects.[4]However,allthevoiceactorsfortheaudiosectionshavelivedintheUnitedStatesforanextendedperiod.[citationneeded] Part6nolongercontainsanerror-spottingtask,criticizedasunrealisticinacorporateenvironment,insteadadoptingtheuseofataskwhereinthetesttakerfillsinblanksinincompletesentences. Part7containsnotonlysingle-passagequestionsbutalsodouble-passagequestionswhereinthetesttakerreadsandcomparesthetworelatedpassages,suchasane-mailcorrespondence. Accordingtoasurveyconductedin2006bytheInstituteforInternationalBusinessCommunication(財団法人国際ビジネスコミュニケーション協会,ZaidanhōjinKokusaiBijinesuKomyunikēshonKyōkai),56.8%oftherespondentswhotookboththeolderandtherevisedversionsoftheTOEICtestinJapanfindthelatterversionmoredifficult.[5]Thelowerthescorethetesttakerachieves,themoremarkedthistendencybecomes.Asmanyas85.6%ofthosewhoearnedscoresrangingfrom0to395pointsfindtherevisedTOEICtestmoredifficult,while69.9%ofthosewhoearned400to495pointsthinkthisway,asdo59.3%ofthosewhoearned500to595points.Amongthosewhoachieved600to695points58.9%agreewiththesefindings.700to795points48.6%,800to895points47.9%,and900to990points39.8%. 2006alsosawtheadditionofTOEICSpeaking&Writingtests.In2007therewereadditionalchangestotheTOEICReading&Listeningtestthatdecreasedemphasisonknowledgeofgrammaticalrules. HowtheTOEICListeningandReadingtestisscored ScoresontheTOEICListeningandReadingtestaredeterminedbythenumberofcorrectanswers.Thenumberofcorrectresponsesoneachsectionismultipliedbyfiveandconvertedtoascaledscore.ThreeTOEICListeningandReadingscaledscoresaregivenforeachexaminee: οnefortheListeningSection οnefortheReadingSection οneTotalScorethatconsistsofthesumoftheListeningSectionandReadingSectionsub-scores. Eachsub-scorecanrangefrom0to495points.TheTotalScorerangesfrom0to990.Thereisnonegativescoring.TheTotalScoreconsistsofthesumoftheListeningSectionandReadingSectionsub-scores. In2016,theTOEICsystemchangedforthefirsttimein10years.ETSsaidthatthechangestotheTOEICwouldreflecttheuseofonlinecommunicationinmodernsociety.[6] InJapanandSouthKorea,anewversionofTOEICwascreatedthatincludeschartcomprehensionquestions.[7] Testaccommodations[edit] Belowarethetypesofaccommodationscommonlygiven: extendedtestingtime additionalrestbreaks reader scribe recordertomarkanswers headphones alternatetestformats,e.g.Braille,enlargedprint alternateresponseformats,e.g.computerforwritingsection wheelchairaccess TOEICinJapan[edit] TheInstituteforInternationalBusinessCommunication(財団法人国際ビジネスコミュニケーション協会,ZaidanhōjinKokusaiBijinesuKomyunikēshonKyōkai)operatestheTOEICtestinJapan,wherenearly2.4millionpeople(asof2014[8])takethetest;1.3Mforinstitutionalprogram(IP)and1.1Mforsecureprogram(SP). TherearetwowaystotaketheTOEICtestproperly.OneiscalledtheTOEICSPTest(SecureProgramTest;公開テスト,KōkaiTesuto),inwhichonecantakethetestindividuallyorinagrouponspecifieddatesatatestcentrespecifiedbytheTOEICSteeringCommittee.TheotheristheTOEICInstitutionalProgram(IP)Test(団体特別受験制度,DantaiTokubetsuJukenSeido),inwhichanorganizationcanchoosethedateandadministerthetestatitsconvenienceinaccordancewiththeTOEICSteeringCommittee.TheTOEICSPTestwasrenewedinMay2006,followedbytheTOEICIPTestinApril2007inlinesothatitwouldbewiththeSPTest. MoreandmorecompaniesuseTOEICscoresforpersonnelassessmentinsteadofthehomegrownSTEPEikentestorganizedbytheSocietyforTestingEnglishProficiency(STEP)(日本英語検定協会主催実用英語技能検定試験「英検」,NihonEigoKenteiKyōkaiShusaiJitsuyōEigoGinōKenteiShiken"Eiken").TheTOEICSpeakingTest/WritingTeststartedonJanuary21,2007inadditiontotheTOEICSPTestandtheTOEICIPTest. Scandal[edit] TheInstituteforInternationalBusinessCommunication(IIBC),thenon-profitorganizationthatadministerstheTOEICinJapan,wasthesubjectofascandalin2009. InMayandJune2009,articlesintheJapaneseweeklymagazineFRIDAYaccusedtheIIBC's92-year-oldchairmanYaejiWatanabeofnepotismwhenheappointedthesonofhisgirlfriendtothepositionofchairmanoftheIIBCboardofdirectors.Toforcetheappointment,halfofthevolunteersservingontheboardweredrivenoutbyWatanabe.ThemagazinearticlealsoquestionedwhyWatanabeonlyshowedupforworkaboutonedayaweek. Inhisdefense,Watanabeclaimedthatheheldaceremonialtitleandwaschairmaninnameonly.Asaresult,Watanabeclaimedthathehadlittletodowiththedecisiontoappointthesonofhisgirlfriendtotheposition.Themagazinearticleconcludedbyaskingwhysomeonewhoischairmanonlyinnameandonlyworkingonedayaweekshouldreceiveanannualsalaryinexcessof25millionyen(approximatelyUS$300,000). InAugust2009,theonlineversionoftheEnglish-languagenewspaperTheJapanTimespublishedatwo-partseriesexaminingtheTOEIC'soriginsandearlyhistoryaswellastheuseoftest-takerfeesbytheIIBContheinternet.TheAugust18articleexaminedthequestionableusesoftestfees,includingafivefoldincreaseinutilityexpensesinoneyear,13millionspentannuallyonresearchaboutadaptingtoChineseculture,sponsorshipofpoetryreadingsbytheChinesePoetryRecitationAssociation,andmembershipfeestojointheBeautifulAgingAssociation,forwhichWatanabehappenedtobechairman. ThearticlealsoquestionedtherelationshipbetweentheIIBCanditsfor-profitpartnerInternationalCommunicationsSchoolwithwhichitsharedofficespace.InternationalCommunicationsSchoolisresponsibleforsellingtheTOEICInstitutionalProgramTestgivenbycompaniesandschools;publishesIIBC-approvedTOEICpreparationtextbooks;andadministerstheTOEICJapaneselanguagewebsite.OneofInternationalCommunicationsSchool'ssubsidiariesisE-Communications,whichadministerstheTOEIC'sonlineapplicationsystemandprovidesonlineTOEICstudymaterials. In2009,WatanabesuddenlyresignedfromtheIIBC,leavingthesonofhisgirlfriendinchargeofthenon-profit.Watanabereceiveda25millionyenretirementpayment. TheIIBCloweredthepriceoftheTOEICSecureProgramTestfrom6,615yento5,985yenstartingwiththeSeptember13,2009test.ThepricehadtobeloweredduetopressurefromtheMinistryofTrade,whichinstructedtheIIBCtoreducetheprofitsbeinggeneratedbythetest.[9] InJuly2010,theTokyoTaxBureauannouncedthatInternationalCommunicationsSchool,IIBC'sfor-profitpartner,hid100millionyeninincomeandhadtopay30millionyeninbacktaxesandfines.[10] TOEICinSouthKorea[edit] Towardtheendof2005,therewasashiftinSouthKorea,regardedasthesecondbiggestconsumerofTOEICpercapita.[11]However,aperson'sTOEICscoreisstillamajorfactorinhiringpeopleformostprofessionaljobsinSouthKorea. Startingin2011,KoreanuniversitieswillnolongerbeallowedtouseTOEICandTOEFLscoresaspartoftheadmissionprocess.However,manyuniversitiesinKoreastillrequireaminimumscoreof900.[12]ThisisapparentlytodiscourageprivateEnglisheducation(therearemanyprivateinstitutionsthatteachTOEIC-basedclasses).AnotherEnglishproficiencytest,TEPS(developedbySeoulNationalUniversity,ChosunIlbo),hasbeendevelopedandmayreplacethestatusofTOEIC. TOEICinEurope[edit] InFrance,someGrandesécolesrequireaTOEICscoreofatleast785toawardthediploma.Thispolicyhasbeencriticized,asitmakesstate-awardeddiplomasdependentonaprivateinstitution—despitethefactthatitwasnottheprivateinstitutionthatsetthe785markbutarecommendationfromtheCommissiondestitresd'ingénieurindicatingaB2+levelontheCommonEuropeanFrameworkofReferenceforLanguages. Studentsthatcannotachievea785markareofferedtovalidatetheirdiplomabyothermeansinmostoftheschools.Someinstitutionsdelaythediplomafor1yearaftertheendofthestudiesinthatcase. InGreece,TOEICisacceptedbyASEP,theorganizationresponsibleforhiringnewemployeestoworkforthegovernment.ItisadministratedbytheHellenicAmericanUnionanditisofferedweeklyinmostmajorcitiesinGreece. TOEICintheUnitedKingdom[edit] TheTOEICwasaHomeOfficeaccreditedtestforstudentsapplyingforaUKvisa.[when?] In2014anundercoverinvestigationbytheBBCprogramPanoramaexposedsystematiccheatingandfraudbyanumberoforganizationsandindividualsinvolvedinrunningthetest.CheatingwasfoundtotakeplaceatEdenCollegeInternationalinLondon,wherefreelanceinvigilatorsusedtoconducttheexam.Thecollegeclaimednopriorknowledgeofthecheating,andhadpreviouslysackedthreeinvigilators.ETSstatedoutitdoesnothiretheinvigilatorsandthatitdoeseverythingitcantopreventcheating.[13][14] On17April2014,ETSdecidednottorenewitslicenseasaproviderofaSecureEnglishLanguageTest(SELT).[15]ThismeansthattheseEnglishlanguagetestsarenolongerhonoredforthepurposeofbeingissuedaUKvisa. InJune2014,theHomeOfficeundertookitsowninvestigationandclaimedtohavefound46,000“invalidandquestionable”tests.ItsuspendedtheTOEICexamasbeingvalidforentrytotheUK.[16]Italsocanceledthevisasofaround45,000students,seventypercentofwhomwereIndian.Someleftvoluntarilywiththemajoritybeingdeported.[17] InMarch2016,atribunalruledthattheevidencetheHomeOfficeusedtodeportthestudentswasnotstrongenough.[18][19]AsofApril 2019[update],over300legalappealsagainstthegovernmentwerepending,andtheNationalAuditOfficehadopenedaninvestigationintothegovernment'shandlingoftheissue,whichsomeMembersofParliamenthadlikenedtotheWindrushscandal.[20] TOEICintheUnitedStates[edit] BoththeTOEICListening&ReadingandtheTOEICSpeaking&WritingtestsarenowavailableintheUnitedStates.WhiletheTOEICListening&Readingtesthasbeenavailablefordecades,theTOEICSpeaking&WritingtestwasintroducedintheUnitedStatesonlyin2009.RegistrationfortheTOEICSpeaking&WritingtestishandledbytheEnglish4SuccessdivisionofthenonprofitorganizationAmideast. TOEICinThailand[edit] TheCenterforProfessionalAssessmentoffersregularinstitutionaltestingeveryMondaythroughSaturdayat9:00AMand1:00PM(localtime).TheTOEICtestisatwo-hourmultiple-choicetestthatconsistsof200questionsdividedinto100questionseachinlisteningcomprehensionandreadingcomprehension.Eachcandidatereceivesindependentmarksforwrittenandoralcomprehensiononascalefrom0to495points.Thetotalscoreaddsuptoascalefrom0to990points.[21] TOEICBridgeTest[edit] ETSalsoadministersanotherversionoftheTOEICtestcalledTOEICBridge.TheTOEICBridgetesttargetsbeginningandintermediatelearnersandconsistsof100multiple-choicequestions,requiringaboutonehouroftestingtime.[22] TOEICBridgeinChile[edit] TheTOEICBridgewasusedinChileaspartofthe2010SIMCEtest. Seealso[edit] Englishlanguagelearningandteaching G-TELP,GeneralTestsofEnglishLanguageProficiency IELTS,InternationalEnglishLanguageTestingSystem TEPS,TestofEnglishProficiency TOEFL,TestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage References[edit] McCrostie,James,"TOEICnoturkeyat30",JapanTimes,August11,2009. McCrostie,James,"TOEIC:Wheredoesthemoneygo?",JapanTimes,August18,2009. ^"OfficialTOEICwebsite". ^"BenchmarkYourScore"(PDF).ETS.Retrieved11October2017. ^"TOEICSpeakingandWritingTest:AbouttheTests".www.ets.org.Retrieved15April2018. ^"IIBC｜一般財団法人国際ビジネスコミュニケーション協会".www.toeic.or.jp.Retrieved15April2018. ^"TOEICSQUARE".Retrieved2May2015. ^서울,연합뉴스(2015-11-05)."토익,10년만에문항유형을바꾼다". ^News,Financial(2016-02-28)."토익,5월부터바뀐다...새로운토익유형은?". ^"TOEICProgramData&Analysis2014"(PDF).ETSToeic.ETS.Retrieved18February2016. ^JamesMcCrostie."TheTOEICinJapan:AscandalmadeinheavenbyJamesMcCrostie".Retrieved2May2015. ^http://mdn.mainichi.jp/mdnnews/national/news/20100720p2a00m0na011000c.html[permanentdeadlink] ^"donga.com[Englishdonga]".Retrieved2May2015. ^"Englishtestsoutaspartofuniversityadmissionprocess".Retrieved2May2015. ^"StudentvisasystemfraudexposedinBBCinvestigation".BBCNews.Retrieved2May2015. ^Matt."TestingtimesforToeic?–ELGazette".elgazette.com.Retrieved15April2018. ^"TOEIC®TestingforVisaPurposesintheU.K."Archivedfromtheoriginalon2015-04-20.Retrieved2May2015. ^"ChangestoEnglishlanguagecertificationforvisaapplications–GOV.UK".www.gov.uk.Retrieved15April2018. ^"TheresaMayhaswronglydeported'upto50,000students'".independent.co.uk.29March2016.Retrieved15April2018. ^Menon,Parvathi(29March2016)."48,000studentswronglydeportedfromtheU.K.:tribunal".Retrieved15April2018–viawww.thehindu.com. ^"TheresaMayfacesparliamentaryinvestigationoverflimsybasisforstudentdeportations".independent.co.uk.23March2016.Retrieved15April2018. ^Gentleman,Amelia(2019-04-27)."HomeOfficeinvestigatedoverEnglishtestcheatingclaims".theGuardian.Retrieved2019-04-27. ^ThaiCooperateinAcademicPrograms(TCiAP)."TOEICinThailand".Academicresearchoutline.Retrieved13May2015. ^"TOEICBridge".www.ets.org.Retrieved15April2018. Externallinks[edit] Officialpage vteLanguageproficiencytestsEnglish CELA CET CRE ECCE ECPE EFSET Eiken EPT ESOL GEPT G-TELP IELTS LPAT MELAB MET MTELP MUET PETS PTE TEPS TOEFL TOEIC TrackTest YLTE German Goethe-Zertifikat KMK NTD TestDaF Dutch CNaVT NT2 Spanish CELC DELE Portuguese CAPLE CELPE-Bras French DALF DELF TCF TEF TFI TNF Italian CELI CILS PLIDA Chinese CRE HSK LPAT PSC TOCFL ZHC Japanese BJPT JLPT J-Test KanjiKentei NNS Korean KLAT TOPIK Russian RLPT TORFL Polish CEPFL Swedish Swedex TISUS Norwegian Bergenstest Irish TEG Multilingual TELC Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=TOEIC&oldid=1084885819" Categories:StandardizedtestsforEnglishlanguageHiddencategories:AllarticleswithdeadexternallinksArticleswithdeadexternallinksfromJune2018ArticleswithpermanentlydeadexternallinksArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionisdifferentfromWikidataWikipediaarticlesneedingreorganizationfromOctober2020AllarticleswithunsourcedstatementsArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromApril2010ArticlescontainingJapanese-languagetextAllarticleswithvagueorambiguoustimeVagueorambiguoustimefromJuly2016ArticlescontainingpotentiallydatedstatementsfromApril2019Allarticlescontainingpotentiallydatedstatements Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Languages العربيةČeštinaDeutschEspañolFrançais한국어BahasaIndonesiaItalianoJawa日本語PolskiPortuguêsРусскийSimpleEnglishไทยTiếngViệt中文 Editlinks